A cystotomy is performed under general anesthesia. Your veterinarian will first make an incision into your cat's abdomen and then make an incision into the bladder to remove the stones. Once removed, the stones are sent to a laboratory to confirm their chemical composition.
Cat Cystotomy Considerations
There are few risks associated with cystotomy, since it is a relatively simple procedure. However, complications are possible with any surgical procedure. Complications of cystotomy, although rare, may include: Remaining stones or obstructions.
The average cost of cystotomy in cats is $1,000 to $3,000. This can vary depending on where you live, your individual veterinary hospital, and your cat's health history and medical needs.
Urinary obstructions are a veterinary emergency. Cats with blockages may require surgery, and most will also require fluids and hospitalization. Without treatment, death may occur in as little as two to three days as toxins build up in your cat's body. Bladder stones can also lead to urinary tract infections.
After surgery, your pet may be groggy from anesthesia for 24-48 hours (see Anesthesia Information handout). Full recovery can take 2-4 weeks; this includes healing as well as resolution of symptoms, such as straining to urinate.
Small stones may flow with the urine into the narrow urethra, where they become lodged and cause a complete obstruction. This problem occurs more frequently in male cats because their urethra is much longer and narrower. "A complete obstruction is life-threatening and requires immediate emergency treatment."
A transurethral cystolitholapaxy is carried out under either a local anaesthetic or a general anaesthetic, so you shouldn't feel any pain during the procedure. There's a risk of developing an infection during the procedure, so you may be given antibiotics as a precaution.
Stones can rub against the walls of the bladder, causing inflammation and pain.
What are the expected outcomes after a perineal urethrostomy? With appropriate pre-surgical stabilization, surgical technique, and aftercare, the prognosis for patients with perineal urethrostomy is good.
Cystolitholapaxy is a safe, minimally invasive treatment for bladder stones. Talk to your healthcare provider before the procedure so you know what to expect from surgery and how to prepare. Recovery typically takes about one week.
Stones must be removed surgically if they are too big and not able to dissolve. Most calcium oxalate stones will not be dissolved by prescription diet and require surgical removal. A urinary blockage typically requires several days of hospitalization to stabilize your cat, and one-to-two weeks for a full recovery.
Left untreated, stones may cause repeated UTIs. This can also cause permanent damage to the bladder or kidneys.
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